12 Principles of Animation

Squash and Stretch
To give a sense of weight and flexibility to drawn object.
The volume of the object does not change during the squash and stretch.

Anticipation
To prepare audience for an action, and to make the action appear more realistic.

Staging
To direct the audience attention, and make it clear what is of greatest importance in a scene.
To keeping focus on what is relevant, and avoiding unnecessary detail.

Straight Ahead Action and Pose to Pose
Straight ahead action means drawing out a scene frame by frame from beginning to the end.
Pose to pose involve starting with drawing a few key frames, and then filling in the intervals later.

Follow Through and Overlapping Action
To render movement more realistically, and help to give the impression that character follow the laws of physic, including the principle of inertia.

Slow In and Slow Out
The movement of the human body, and other objects need time to accelerate and slow down.
More drawing near the beginning and end of an action, emphasizing the extreme poses, and fewer in the middle.

Arc
Natural action tends to follow an arched trajectory, and animation should adhere to this principle by following implied "arcs" for greater realism.

Secondary Action
Adding a secondary action to the main action gives a scene more life, and can help to support the main action.

Timing
Timing refers to the number of the drawings or frames for a given action, which translates to the speed of the action on film.

Exaggeration
An effect especially useful for animation, as perfect imitation of reality can look static and dull in cartoon. The level of exaggeration depends on whether one seeks realism or a particular style, like a caricature or the style of a specific artist.

Solid Drawing
Solid drawing means taking into accounts forms in three-dimensional space, or giving them volume and weight. The animator needs to be a skilled artist and has to understand the basic of three-dimensional shapes, anatomy, weight, balance, light, and shadow.

Appeal
Appeal in a cartoon character corresponds to what would be called charisma in an actor. The important thing is that the viewer feels the character is real and interesting.

Scamper

Scamper is a technique that guide people to develop or improve a new idea for a product. Scamper help developers to create something step by step by using all the method from the scamper guide.
The technique is use to questions with the existed product to come out with a new idea or improve them.

The technique of the scamper question as below statement:

Substitute

what material or resources can we substitute or swap to improve the product?
what other product or process could we use?
What rule could we substitute?
Can we use this product somewhere else, or as a substitute for something else?
What will happen if we change our feelings or attitude toward this product?

Combine

What would happen if we combined this product with another, to create something new?
What if we combined purpose or objectives?
What could we combine to maximize the uses of this product?
How could we combine talent and resources to create a new approach to this product?

Adapt

How could we adapt or readjust this product to serve another purpose or use?
What else is the product like?
Who or what could we emulate to adapt this product into?
What other products or ideas could we use for inspiration?

Modify

How could we change the shape, look, or feel of our product?
What could we add to modify this product?
What could we emphasize or highlight to create more value?
What element of this product could we strengthen to create something new?

Put to another use

Can we use this product somewhere else, perhaps in another industry?
Who else could use this product?
How would this product behave differently in another setting?
Could we recycle the waste from this product to make something new?

Eliminate

How could we streamline or simplify this product?
What features, parts, or rules could we eliminate?
What could we understate or tone down?
How could we make it smaller, faster, lighter, or more fun?
What would happen if we took away part of this product? What would we have in its place?

Reverse

What would happen if we reversed this process or sequenced things differently?
What if we try to do the exact opposite of what we're trying to do now?
What components could we substitute to change the order of the product?
What roles could we reverse or swap?
How could we reorganize this product?

Walk Cycle model

This was the final result of my walk cycle from previous references. The process of making zombie walk cycle is a bit simple compare to the normal human walk cycle because it has less restrict for some logical movement. 

The Walk cycle still can further improve to increase the movement of the head and finger, to make the movement more obvious and clear to the audience.

3D Walk Cycle

the videos above will be my references to create a 3D modelling walk cycle for 30sec and each walk cycle will use for 10sec out of 30sec.

the software i will use to create the model is 3Dmax with 2016 edition.

Be patient with the final output of my work.

Facial Expression Drawing

iI was given a tutorial to draw my own six different facial expressions. It was a big challenge for me since I'm not good in drawing and does not practice much on drawing skills. The problem I faced while drawing the facial expression is I'm very poor in hand drawing coordination and it causes the drawing to have some wired proportion to the face i have drawn.

The next problem for me in drawing the expression is, i was lack of patient while drawing the expression and cause the drawing to have a wired proportion of my face. I'm more likely like to do work in fast phase and it seen to be not very suitable while drawing something.

The end result of my drawing although is not that good but i still feel satisfying on what i have done. I hope i can done better for next time.

The final result of my work as following:

Creative Thinking

What is creative thinking and how to think in creative ways? Creative thinking is something news and specific idea come from our mind. There is no any method that can teach human how to became a creative thinker because a creative thinking is something created randomly and news by human mind. Creative sometime not including with the logically thinking because most our logic thinking is from what we has seen and heard. This is why something logical thinking will limited our creative thinking because we can't accept something news or never exist in our acknowledge and most of the time human will ignore it and take its doesn't exists.

Some of the people will feel something is creatively but some of them not because every human have different mindset and ideal on what is creative and whats not. This is why a work or idea should never been categorize by human which is good or bad because different people have different view from a work or idea and there are no right or wrong on it just could you accept it or not. For example, we can see many fine art done by their creator are not famous in their time but when the time past people start to accepted it as a creative work but some still think its not.

This is why we should always try to not afraid to give an news idea or work with our mind. We should not limited our mind with what we have known or see because nothing is impossible. We should always been open mind when learning or thinking something news. When we found some news idea we should always think deeps to it and never ignore the possibility because nothing is impossible. 

Polarization

Polarization is a law of nature that will never change in the universe. Everything with negative there must be positive same as our two different pole north pole and south pole and they will be only two and no natural because natural is the combination of negative and positive in equal. In the ideal of Taoism, the concept of "yin" and "yang" is mention as the natural law of the world and the world is balance by "yin" and "yang" indispensable.

There must be good and bad in this world because different people have different mindset and we cannot change it because this is natural. For example, no matter how strict the law and how many criminal is caught and dead but it won't stop crime to happen in this world because nothing can change a human mind but not everyone in the world will be the criminal. There are also have people helping each other to live together.

There must be win and lose because if there are people winning at the same time also mean others are losing. But losing does't not mean that person will lose every time because there are also a change to be the winner. When you are the winner you should always ask yourself to do better and never arrogant what you have now because you also have a change to lose. When you are losing you should alert yourself why you lose and try to overcome it.

There must be right and wrong and different people will have different view on what is wrong and what is right. This is why the conflict between human are never end because different people have different view on a situation and also the define of right and wrong. For example, maybe something for you is right but others will feel wrong and sometime others will feel and ideal consist of wrong but also right on it.

This is why we should always think deep in something before criticism  on it and we should always believe on our self and never blindly follow other people opinion and accepted it.